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The same volume in which his Theory of the Earth appeared contained also a Theory of Rain. In November 1740, age 14, he enrolled to study humanities (Greek and Latin) with philosophy and mathematics at the University of Edinburgh.In one lecture the professor of logic attempted to illustrate a philosophical theory to the class. Thus, a process of natural selection (Hutton did not use this term) inevitably leads to change within species over time.Copyright © 2020 The President and Fellows of Harvard College James’s mother, Sarah Balfour, a merchant’s daughter, was a housewife. In the late 18th century, the educated world clung to the Neptunian theory of the Earth proposed by Abraham Gottlob Werner. Left: John Davidson, Lord Henderland, George Paton, Lord Monboddo and James Hutton. He was made the apprentice of a lawyer at age 17, but his employer did not believe that he was well-suited for a career in law. James Hutton was a geologist (and physician, chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist.)
Three of his prints depict James Hutton. Among his ideas:His ideas about the age of the Earth were in opposition to the prevailing view of the Church, which believed that our planet was only around 6,000 years old.Hutton disputed the views held at the time by Neptunists, who believed that rocks developed in a great flood. Edinburgh did not offer medical degrees, so to complete his education he spent two years studying in Paris, France before qualifying as a doctor of medicine at Leiden University in Holland in 1749.Hutton, now age 23, moved to the United Kingdom’s capital city, London, where he hoped to establish a medical practice. His father, William Hutton, was a merchant and the city’s treasurer; he died when James was just three years old.James’s mother, Sarah Balfour, a merchant’s daughter, was a housewife. In fact, when Hutton left Edinburgh in 1747 to study in Paris and Leiden and then work in London, it is possible he did this as a way of distancing himself from Miss Edington and his son.James Hutton died in Edinburgh on March 26, 1797, age 70, after suffering poor health and pain for a number of years caused by bladder stones. Such as, through craters and the formation of sink holes (3,6). During his travels he began paying close attention to farming soils.He saw a large range of different soils and became increasingly interested in the rocks he saw.Finding sea shells in rocks on high ground spurred Hutton to investigate rocks ever more deeply. (National Galleries of Scotland) Hutton hypothesized that the interior of the Earth was very hot and that the processes that changed the Earth long ago were still at work millenniums later. When Hutton was old enough, his mother sent him to the High School of Edinburgh, where he discovered his love of chemistry and mathematics.At the young age of 14, Hutton was sent off to the University of Edinburgh to study Latin and other humanities courses.
He returned to Edinburgh in summer 1750 and began receiving substantial profits from the chemicals manufacturing partnership.In the 1700s, and for many years afterwards, Edinburgh’s air was often thick with smoke from domestic coal fires. He also undertook a painstaking survey of many of the rocks of England and Wales, with the result that his knowledge of Great Britain’s rock formations was unparalleled.Hutton’s Unconformity at Jedburgh, Scotland – one of the most important locations in the development of geological science. He published his ideas in his book, "The Theory of the Earth," in 1795.Hutton asserted in the book that life also followed this long-term pattern. To Hutton the description was fascinating, not because it supported the professor’s logic, but because it revealed the power of the science of chemistry.He began reading about chemistry and performing his own experiments. Here rock layers formed over an immense amount of time were tilted to be almost vertical when they were uplifted as they rose out of the sea. Then the cycle would begin again.The cycle Hutton envisaged could only take place over an immense number of years. They were then eroded, forming the layer immediately above them. James Hutton (June 3, 1726–March 26, 1797) was a Scottish doctor and geologist who had ideas about the formation of the Earth that became known as James Hutton was born on June 3, 1726, in Edinburgh, Scotland, one of five children born to William Hutton and Sarah Balfour. It was not merely the earth to which Hutton directed his attention. He contended that the amount of moisture which the air can retain in solutionincreases with temperature, and, therefore, that on the mixture of two masses of air of different temperatures a portion of the moisture must be condensed and appear in visible form. James Hutton’s theory of Actualism proposed that earth’s past can be explained through what is present today (3,6). He was buried in Edinburgh’s Greyfriars Churchyard.He left no will, so his estate passed to his sister and, on her death, to Hutton's grandchildren, the children of his son, James Smeaton Hutton.It was Lyell's book, but Hutton's ideas, that inspired Darwin to incorporate the concept of an "ancient" mechanism that had been at work since the beginning of the Earth in his own world-changing book, "The Origin of the Species." Soon several other intellectuals such as David Hume – often cited as the greatest philosopher to write in English – joined the three original members for lively discussions over a plate of oysters and a glass or two of wine, ale, or whisky. The bottom section of rocks in the image is the oldest.
In spring 1754 he spent a few months traveling through Holland, Flanders, and northern France observing farming practices. His father, who was a merchant and treasurer for the city of Edinburgh, died in 1729, when James was only 3 years old. In 1768, age 42, he rented out his farm and returned permanently to Edinburgh, where he was welcomed into the home shared by his three sisters. Hutton is credited with being the founder of modern geology.
The same volume in which his Theory of the Earth appeared contained also a Theory of Rain. In November 1740, age 14, he enrolled to study humanities (Greek and Latin) with philosophy and mathematics at the University of Edinburgh.In one lecture the professor of logic attempted to illustrate a philosophical theory to the class. Thus, a process of natural selection (Hutton did not use this term) inevitably leads to change within species over time.Copyright © 2020 The President and Fellows of Harvard College James’s mother, Sarah Balfour, a merchant’s daughter, was a housewife. In the late 18th century, the educated world clung to the Neptunian theory of the Earth proposed by Abraham Gottlob Werner. Left: John Davidson, Lord Henderland, George Paton, Lord Monboddo and James Hutton. He was made the apprentice of a lawyer at age 17, but his employer did not believe that he was well-suited for a career in law. James Hutton was a geologist (and physician, chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist.)
Three of his prints depict James Hutton. Among his ideas:His ideas about the age of the Earth were in opposition to the prevailing view of the Church, which believed that our planet was only around 6,000 years old.Hutton disputed the views held at the time by Neptunists, who believed that rocks developed in a great flood. Edinburgh did not offer medical degrees, so to complete his education he spent two years studying in Paris, France before qualifying as a doctor of medicine at Leiden University in Holland in 1749.Hutton, now age 23, moved to the United Kingdom’s capital city, London, where he hoped to establish a medical practice. His father, William Hutton, was a merchant and the city’s treasurer; he died when James was just three years old.James’s mother, Sarah Balfour, a merchant’s daughter, was a housewife. In fact, when Hutton left Edinburgh in 1747 to study in Paris and Leiden and then work in London, it is possible he did this as a way of distancing himself from Miss Edington and his son.James Hutton died in Edinburgh on March 26, 1797, age 70, after suffering poor health and pain for a number of years caused by bladder stones. Such as, through craters and the formation of sink holes (3,6). During his travels he began paying close attention to farming soils.He saw a large range of different soils and became increasingly interested in the rocks he saw.Finding sea shells in rocks on high ground spurred Hutton to investigate rocks ever more deeply. (National Galleries of Scotland) Hutton hypothesized that the interior of the Earth was very hot and that the processes that changed the Earth long ago were still at work millenniums later. When Hutton was old enough, his mother sent him to the High School of Edinburgh, where he discovered his love of chemistry and mathematics.At the young age of 14, Hutton was sent off to the University of Edinburgh to study Latin and other humanities courses.
He returned to Edinburgh in summer 1750 and began receiving substantial profits from the chemicals manufacturing partnership.In the 1700s, and for many years afterwards, Edinburgh’s air was often thick with smoke from domestic coal fires. He also undertook a painstaking survey of many of the rocks of England and Wales, with the result that his knowledge of Great Britain’s rock formations was unparalleled.Hutton’s Unconformity at Jedburgh, Scotland – one of the most important locations in the development of geological science. He published his ideas in his book, "The Theory of the Earth," in 1795.Hutton asserted in the book that life also followed this long-term pattern. To Hutton the description was fascinating, not because it supported the professor’s logic, but because it revealed the power of the science of chemistry.He began reading about chemistry and performing his own experiments. Here rock layers formed over an immense amount of time were tilted to be almost vertical when they were uplifted as they rose out of the sea. Then the cycle would begin again.The cycle Hutton envisaged could only take place over an immense number of years. They were then eroded, forming the layer immediately above them. James Hutton (June 3, 1726–March 26, 1797) was a Scottish doctor and geologist who had ideas about the formation of the Earth that became known as James Hutton was born on June 3, 1726, in Edinburgh, Scotland, one of five children born to William Hutton and Sarah Balfour. It was not merely the earth to which Hutton directed his attention. He contended that the amount of moisture which the air can retain in solutionincreases with temperature, and, therefore, that on the mixture of two masses of air of different temperatures a portion of the moisture must be condensed and appear in visible form. James Hutton’s theory of Actualism proposed that earth’s past can be explained through what is present today (3,6). He was buried in Edinburgh’s Greyfriars Churchyard.He left no will, so his estate passed to his sister and, on her death, to Hutton's grandchildren, the children of his son, James Smeaton Hutton.It was Lyell's book, but Hutton's ideas, that inspired Darwin to incorporate the concept of an "ancient" mechanism that had been at work since the beginning of the Earth in his own world-changing book, "The Origin of the Species." Soon several other intellectuals such as David Hume – often cited as the greatest philosopher to write in English – joined the three original members for lively discussions over a plate of oysters and a glass or two of wine, ale, or whisky. The bottom section of rocks in the image is the oldest.
In spring 1754 he spent a few months traveling through Holland, Flanders, and northern France observing farming practices. His father, who was a merchant and treasurer for the city of Edinburgh, died in 1729, when James was only 3 years old. In 1768, age 42, he rented out his farm and returned permanently to Edinburgh, where he was welcomed into the home shared by his three sisters. Hutton is credited with being the founder of modern geology.